Under Law 14/2013, self-employed applicants (freelancers) must demonstrate they possess the material resources required for their work. This is not about a specific minimum investment amount, but about proving the activity is genuine.
What is required: Invoices for professional equipment (laptops, software licenses, specialized tools), office rental agreements, or coworking memberships. For digital nomads, a simple list of equipment (inventory) with photos and receipts is often sufficient. If the applicant operates through a legal entity, they may provide balance sheets showing fixed assets.
Issuer: The applicant themselves (inventory) or third-party providers (invoices/contracts).
Apostille and Translation: Internal invoices from Spanish entities do not need translation. Documents from abroad must be translated by a sworn translator (traductor jurado). An apostille is required if the document is an official certificate from a foreign registry, but simple commercial invoices usually do not require it.
Validity: Documents should be recent (within the last 3-6 months).
Common errors: Providing only a bank statement without explaining what the money was spent on, or failing to link the equipment to the specific professional activity described in the application. Note: if the applicant registers as a freelancer (RETA) in Spain, they gain access to the public health system (SNS).